indian constitution

Article 14 of the Indian Constitution, which declares that “The State shall not deny to any person equality before the law or the equal protection of the laws within the territory of India,” is the cornerstone of the fundamental right to equality. It is a powerful guarantee against all forms of arbitrary action by the state. More than just a clause in the Constitution, Article 14 is a dynamic concept that the Indian judiciary has interpreted with profound depth over the decades, evolving from a principle of formal equality to one of substantive justice.